Perl string lc() function - Quick Tutorial

$STRING = lc($STRING);

Perl's lc() function takes a string, makes the entire thing lowercase, and then returns the new string.

$myWord = 'WORD';
$myLowerWord = lc($myWord);

First, $myWord is set to a value of 'WORD', then the lc() function is run on $myWord. The lc() function takes the entire string $myWord and converts it to it's lowercase equivalent. The value of $myLowerWord is then equal to 'word'.